Sewing Threads
Sewing Thread
Thread is a tightly twisted strand of two or more ply yarns that are circular when cut in a cross-section. Thread has been essential to humans since the first clothes were made for warmth and protection.Types of Thread
- Spun synthetic threads
- Core Spun Threads
- Continuous Filament Threads
- Embroidery threads
Spun Synthetic Thread
Continuous, fine, parallel filaments in a long band.
High tenacity.
High abrasion resistance
High strength and elongation
Core Spun Thread
Combination of staple and filament fibers.
High strength
High tenacity
More costly than spun synthetic threads
Continuous Filament Thread
Produced from continuous synthetic filaments.
Higher-strength
Better tenacity
Least bulkiness.
Filament threads are stronger than spun threads.
Embroidery Thread
For decorative purpose
Color and luster required
Made from long-staple yarns
Mostly viscose rayon used.
TYPES OF CONTINUOUS FILAMENT THREADS:
- Monofilament threads
- Multifilament threads
- Textured threads
Monofilament Threads
Single continuous filamentSingle continuous filament
Strong and uniform
Minimum breakage
Multifilament Threads
Single, plied or cabled
High strength
Good abrasion resistance
Multifilament threads can be put in three categories:
Lubricated multifilament threads:
Treated with a special lubricant
Good loop formation and stitch locking
Bonded multifilament threads:
Special bonding process for pliesSpecial bonding process for plies
Protects from heatProtects from heat
Braided multifilament threads:
For appearance
Either lubricated or waxed
Textured Threads
Soft bulky and silky
Excellent coverage for seam and rolled edges
Different types of technology for texturizing threads are
- False twist textured filament threads
- Air textured filament threads
- Air--jet intermingled polyester filament threads
False twist textured filament threads:
Continuous filament yarn is subjected to rotational forces with the help of false forces with the help of a false--twist spindle and then twist spindle and then subjected to heat.subjected to heat.
Very soft bulky and extensibleVery soft bulky and extensible
Air textured filament threads:
Multiple continuous filaments are textured through two pairs of rollers.
Gives discontinuous surface and reduce fusion.
Air-jet intermingled polyester filament threads:
Continuous filament core, surrounded by a filament that has been entangled by an air-jet.
Increases cohesion and reduces twist.
Embroidery threads
Decorative purpose
Color and luster are the main requirements.
Threads for hand embroidery.
Embroidery floss or standard cotton
Perle cotton
Matte embroidery cotton
Medici or border Medici
Crewel yarn
Persian yarn
Tapestry yarn or tapestry wool
Threads for machine Threads for machine embroidery
Polyester or rayon
Manufacturing process
Silk thread (Nett silk or soft silk)
Cocoons containing pupas are heated with air.
Cocoons are immersed in water and brushing motion un warps silkun warps silk
Schappe silkSchappe silk
Cocoons passed through steel rollers with combs to produce bundles
Several bundles grouped together, combed and resulting roving.
Cotton thread
Picked from cotton and compressed into large bales.
Bale is broken, combed, cleaned, mixed and resulting in laps.
Laps are fed into a carding machine and fibers are separated.
Polyester thread
From petroleum through cracking process.
Xylene is generated. Nitric acid and glycol added.
The fluid is heated and condensed in an autoclave, and the molecules align to form long molecules called polyester.
Resulting extruded, cooled with water and cut into Resulting extruded, cooled with water and cut into chips. And sent for spinning.chips. And sent for spinning.
Dyeing and packaging finished thread
The dye is mixed in large vats.
Manufactured threads are lowered into pressurized vessels and dyes are released.
Dried for 24 hours.
Dyed thread is wound on smaller spools
Spools are packed into boxes.
Optical devices monitor are used for spool winding and packing processes.
THREAD SIZING
Direct count system
Length is constant, weight is variable.
Tex = (weight in grams/length in meters)*1000
Denier =(weight in grams/length in meters)*9000
Indirect count systemIndirect count system
Weight is constant, length is variable.
Metric = length in meters/weight in 1 gram
WHAT MAKES A GOOD THREAD?
Elongation
Uniformity
Ply security
Lubricity
Strength
Twist
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